Signifying with Symbols

Gilded Copper and Lead (12th century)

Quartz (3rd-5th Century)

Enamel and Gilding (13th Century)

(12th Century)

Bronze (12th-13th Century)

Copper (6th Century)

Bronze (5th Century)

Brass (15th Century)

Mixed Copper Alloys with Silver Inlays (6th-8th Century)

This is an example of animal imagery used in a religious context. According to the description, this crozier likely belonged to pastoral abbot. The serpent on top of an abbot's staff could symbolize healing, wisdom, and Jesus. It also could be a reference to Moses' staff.